Covered bonds explained clearly. Learn how covered bonds work, how they differ from securitisation, the role of the cover pool, and why they are considered low-risk instruments in fixed income exams.

Basic EPS explained clearly. Learn what earnings per share represents, how Basic EPS is calculated, why weighted average shares matter, and common exam mistakes for CFA and finance students.

Learn the real difference between open-ended and close-ended mutual funds. Understand liquidity, NAV pricing, risk, and exam-relevant distinctions explained clearly for CFA and finance students.

Confused about private equity? Learn how buyout, venture capital, growth equity, and distressed funds differ, why these distinctions matter for CFA, FRM, and CAIA exams, and how private equity really works.

Why should an American call option on a non-dividend-paying stock never be exercised early? Understand the intuition, time value, dominance argument, and interest rate logic behind this key option pricing result.

Thinking about the CFA? From registration to study plans, get everything you need to know before you start the Chartered Financial Analyst journey.

Learn the meaning of CFA, how course works, who should pursue it, career scope, difficulty level, and why it matters in finance careers.

CFA Program changes up to 2026 explained clearly. Learn about new CFA exam fees, Practical Skills Modules, Level 3 pathways, digital badges, and what these updates mean for your CFA journey.

Thinking of starting the CFA Program at 40? It’s not too late. Discover how age can be your advantage, how to balance work and study, and how the CFA Charter can reshape your mid-career journey.