LIFO liquidation explained clearly. Understand how selling old inventory layers inflates profits, affects taxes and cash flows, and why analysts adjust for it in CFA exams.

Weighted average cost method explained clearly. Understand its impact on inventory valuation, cost of sales, profits, and how it compares with FIFO and LIFO for CFA and FRM exams.

FIFO (First-In, First-Out) explained clearly. Learn how FIFO works, its impact on COGS, profits, taxes, financial ratios, and how FIFO differs from LIFO—essential for CFA and FRM accounting and analysis.

Understanding LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) inventory method explained clearly. Learn how LIFO affects cost of goods sold, profits, taxes, inventory valuation, cash flows, LIFO reserve adjustments, and why LIFO is tested heavily in CFA exams.