Understand depreciation as a non-cash expense, how asset costs are allocated over time, and why depreciation affects profit, taxes, and valuation.

Understand leptokurtic distributions, heavy tails, and positive excess kurtosis, and why tail risk is underestimated in normal return models.

Learn what a platykurtic distribution means, how it differs from mesokurtic, and how thinner tails and negative excess kurtosis are tested in exams.

Understand what a mesokurtic distribution is, why it is the benchmark for kurtosis, and how it is interpreted in statistics and finance exams.